Mills and Water Power - An Introduction
Water that flows from rivers and streams is a valuable and plentiful energy resource. People learned to use the power of running water to operate the small mills that were important to their families. Gristmills ground the grain the farmers grew. Sawmills cut their tumber. Carding Mills combed the wool sheared from their sheep. Waterpowered machines cut nails, turned wood for furniture parts, cut shingles, and did other useful tasks.
There are many types of wheels that harness the power of water. Each wheel is different and operates best in unique conditions. They vary in durability, cost, efficiency, and power output, among other things.
|
The power of water |
 |
Undershot wheel |
 |
Overshot wheel |
 |
Breast wheel |
 |
Tub wheel |
 |
Outward-flow reaction wheel |
 |
Modern hydroelectric turbine |
Mills utilize the mechanical energy that waterwheels obtain from water. Depending on the type and size of the mill, the wheel used will vary.
|
Textile mill |
|
Sawmill |
|
Gristmill |
|
Carding mill |